What Is Satanism? :: essays research papers

What is Satanism? Satanism is the religion of the substance. Satisfaction, to the Satanist must be found at this very moment. No paradise exists to go to after death and no Hell of consuming discipline anticipates the delinquent. Emphatically appended to our family and close affiliations, we make superb companions. Satanists don't accept that you can love everybody and treat each individual the equivalent. By neglecting to despise you make yourself incapable to cherish. Dreaded by their adversaries and adored by their companions, Satanist's assemble their fortress in the network. The term mysterious methods "hidden" or those things or lessons that are obscure data, information that is picked up past the five detects. Thusly, information is gotten by a few otherworldly inclusion or association. Anton LaVey of the main church of Satan in San Francisco, California, says that "Satanism is an unmitigatedly egotistical fierce religion-It depends on the conviction that man is inalienably a narrow minded, rough creature†¦ that the earth will be controlled by the individuals who battle and win." Satanism challenges the scriptural lessons in regards to keeps an eye on relationship to other people. Youthful Satanist's accept that the solid will run with Satan. Force has gotten an fixation on youthful Satanists. It is looked for after on the physical, mental, and profound levels. Picking up information that others don't gangs is another viewpoint of the mysterious. At the point when an individual has more information it permits them a level of control over the individuals who don't approach that information. The Ouija Board has demonstrated especially helpful. The Ouija Board is an instrument for correspondence with the spirits of the dead. The Ouija Board is an open entryway into the universe of the mysterious and devilish movement. Bodiless address the living through the mode of the Ouija Board. This data is accepted to be truth from the opposite side; Lucifer's daydream to pick up our loyalty. Most cases are with individuals who have utilized the Ouija Board. The Ouija Board is the most straightforward approach to become had. The most serious peril of the Ouija is that an individual starts to put his trust and future expectation in the message the board brings. Christians can offer a few reasons with respect to why one ought not be associated with the utilization of the Ouija Board. One is essentially that the good book denounces it as being inclusion in the mysterious. And afterward theirs the way that the message got is regularly bogus what's more, deceptive. As indicated by sacred text (Matt 4:9, Rev, 12:19) "Satan's objective is to trick man by blinding him to reality of the gospel and to get adore for himself. Satan wants to modify a people esteems and turn them against

My Spring Break

My Spring Break Excited for the spring break? Spring Break or Midterm Break, as certain individuals call it, is seven days given to the understudies at colleges and schools in certain nations. Individuals generally leave the city to unwind and make the most of their time. The get-away meets with the end of the week occasion of St. Patrick's day. Along these lines, I chose to go with my sister to watch the motorcade in South Boston. Going there was trying for us. While we were in the train station, everybody was going a similar way. We were in the group when unexpectedly everybody stopped.It was truly packed and we were unable to move until the train came and a few people jumped on it. At the point when we drew near to the train, we needed to sit tight for another. The travel police were advising individuals to push ahead for more space to the up and coming crowed. At last, we jumped on the train with such pushing from individuals. It took us 30 minutes to show up at our goal. It was my first time seeing the motorcade. I didn't have the foggiest idea what's in store there. My sister and I remained there for about an hour standing by to see something until one man yell â€Å"I see the flags†.At that second, I was eager to perceive what was straightaway. A three youngsters showed up holding immense banners. That was trailed by various exhibitions, for example, Irish conventional music and moving. Likewise, the motorcade incorporated a few fighters' gatherings from the Army and the Navy. Besides, there were a few government officials who took an interest in the procession too. It was entrancing to observe the entirety of that. You can advise that the individuals were prepared to celebrate. On our way, we saw how the vast majority of them were donning green and heading there with family and friends.Some of them wore enormous green caps and pieces of jewelry, particularly the children. Others wore bizarre ensembles and painted their countenances. Individuals w ere becoming inebriated and making the most of their time. The day was commended by the Irish as well as by individuals from various nations. Taking everything into account, setting off to the motorcade was an incredible encounter for me. I found out about the Irish culture and religion. Moreover, I understood how it is significant for them to praise this day. It was incredible offering that to them and becoming acquainted with them very close. I unquestionably making the most of my day.

Advanced Macroeconomics

Advanced Macroeconomics Advanced Macroeconomics Home›Economics Posts›Advanced Macroeconomics Economics PostsBusiness cycles are the recurring and variable levels of economic trends that a specific economy experiences over a long duration of time in terms of its productivity. These trends depict a fluctuation of the production levels of thee economy. The recurring economic trends are grouped into various stages which include the expansion or growth phase, contraction or diminishing stage, peak or the high season stage, depression and finally the recovery stage. These phases are a presentation of how the economy progresses either in a negative or a positive formula depending on the indicators or facilitators available (Coonley Thomas, 1995).It is worth noting that, at a specific time business cycles were regular and the durations were knowable but today they vary irregularly in terms of frequency of occurrence, scale and duration spent. In view of the Keynesian theory, business cycles mirror on the poss ibility that the economy may attain short-run equilibrium at standards that are below or above full employment. At the high unemployment rate this theory shows that the monetary and fiscal policy has an affirmative role to play in the fluctuations that are present in the business cycle. There are particular stylized facts that have been discussed below to show how business cycles fluctuated in various periods of time (Bernard Beaudreau, 1996).The European business cycle was broken down into a European component as a continent, national and a regional perspective. The share of the regions of Europe had a variance in its Gross Domestic Product ranging between 40% and 60% (Coonley Thomas, 1995). There are particular stylized facts that have been discussed below to show how business cycles fluctuated in various periods of time. The stylistic facts that depict the appropriateness of these business cycles are discussed below.One stylistic fact is on persistence of the economic activitie s which deplete or wear off at a very high rate. They are not as persistent due to the fact that it is based on the short run. The long-term character of the economic activities is irregular and they are symbolized by fluctuations therefore its predictions in the long run become too difficult to analyze (Coonley Thomas, 1995).Another stylized fact that argues this notion is based on cyclic variability which is an aspect of regularity. Standard deviations are mostly used in this sector as they define the magnitude or scale with which fluctuations are present in output levels and the level of working hours by the employees and they are almost equal. In this stylized fact consumption rate and production are more regular as compared to productivity while the investment level fluctuates more than the amount produced. In this case the capital stock is the least unpredictable of all the indicators (Beaudreau Bernard, 1996).Co-movement is another stylistic fact that is measured between th e level of output and other associated macroeconomic variables. These variables are measured using correlations and are divided into procyclical and countercyclical variables. To start with procyclical variable has positive correlations as it increases in times of booms or economic expansion while during recessions it subsides. Countercyclical variable on its part has negative correlations as it is not associated with the business cycle which includes recession or booms of economic activities (Beaudreau Bernard, 1996). The implication of this correlation is that human resources and capital are more productive when the entire economy is facing a lift or a boom. The vice versa is true in that they are not as productive when the economy on its part is experiencing a meltdown of any nature or there is a recession like the one in the United States or even European countries explained above.In terms of consumption and investment, they are strongly on the side of procyclical variables. Th is means that the rate of consumption and investment is related to the economic situations that are prevailing in a particular country. When the economy is positively growing more investors will flock the markets so will the consumption rate go high. Labor is also procyclical as it happens that during economic prosperity the rate of employment also increases as compared to when the economy deteriorates which makes the employees to lose jobs through retrenchment or bad performance of businesses (Beaudreau Bernard, 1995).A general school of thought that supports this notion is that people prefer booms to recession types of business cycles and they are all involved in the decision making process of the economy. However, the causative agents of fluctuation are outside the decisions that are made by humans. Stylistic facts like persistence have been motivated by shocks that cause fluctuations in the market. Examples of these calamities are: innovations, poor weather, increase in price o f imported oil and harsh environmental rules that derail development like mining activities (Coonley Thomas, 1995).In conclusion persistence stylistic fact definitely affects labor and capital efficiency thus output is compromised. Co-movement stylistic variables influence output and the general productivity in relation to other macroeconomic variables. Using appropriate procyclical variables it can be argued that facts such as allocation of consumption and the distribution of investment opportunities are determined by the relevant business cycles available under natural conditions.

CRG520 MOVIE REVIEW AKU MASIH DARA - 3024 Words

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA BUSINESS ETHICS CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (CRG 520) MOVIE REVIEW : â€Å"AKU MASIH DARA† Name Student ID Nurulhuda Binti Abd Jalil 2008773885 Sofeana Binti Osman 2010699074 Effa Yusni Binti Mustaffa 2009102337 Norazlina Binti Mohd Sibi 2010431122 Rohana Uli Binti Musa 2010876046 Mawar Binti Merikan 2006102205 Lecturer Puan Sharifah Norzehan Binti Syed Yusuf CONTENTS Synopsis 3 - 4 Key Player 5 Stakeholder 5 Ethical Dilemma 6 - 7 Ethical Issue 8 Whistle blower How To Whistle Blow? 8 - 10 Lessons 10 - 11 Reasoning 11 Consequences Of Decisions 11 - 12 Justifying Decisions 12 -†¦show more content†¦Aleesya decided to repent and draw closer to Allah. She went to Firdaus house accompanied by Hani to see Firdaus. She asked Firdaus for help and survive his dignity by way of marriage her. Requested by Aleesya make Firdaus in a dilemma, because he already promise to marry her. Sofea also tells Firdaus that although she live without religion but she was a virgin because she believed that her ‘crown’ is for a man who can educate her to be a good wife. At the end of story, Firdaus wanted Sofea to be his wife. Key Player Asraf Muslim as Firdaus plays an important role in guiding and teaching the three best friends, played by Raja Farah as Sofea, Yana as Aleesya as well as his cousin, and Diana Hani Amir as Hani on the subject and matters that is prohibited by Islam. Farid Kamil as Zachery, influenced Hani with drugs and become an agent to sell a drugs. He also organized sex parties. Stakeholder Sofea, one of three teenagers on a moral problems, realize that have been touched by Firdaus advice and guidance, finally repented and turned to the path of Allah S.W.T. Hani was also change when voluntarily enter a moral rehabilitation center. Aleesya still not realize and living in sin. Ethical Dilemma Issue 1 The close relationship (Aleesya and Hani) with Sofea have become distant after Sofea make a decision to obtain a deep understanding of Islam. Aleesya started to become wild and was

Conflict Management at Miami Dade Public School - 3247 Words

CONFLICT MANAGEMENT AT MIAMI DADE PUBLIC SCHOOL Disruptive behavior in schools has been a source of concern for school systems for several years. Indeed, the single most common request for assistance from teachers is related to behavior and classroom management. Classrooms with frequent disruptive behaviors have less academic engaged time, and the students in disruptive classrooms tend to have lower grades and do poorer on standardized tests. Furthermore, attempts to control disruptive behaviors cost considerable teacher time at the expense of academic instruction. School discipline issues such as disruptive behavior and violence also have an increased effect on teacher stress and burnout (Smith Smith, 2006). There is a significant body of research attesting to the fact that classroom organization and behavior management competencies significantly influence the persistence of new teachers in their teaching careers (Ingersoll Smith, 2003). New teachers typically express concerns about effective means to handle disruptive behavior (Browers Tomic, 2000). Teachers who have significant problems with behavior management and classroom discipline often report high levels of stress and symptoms of burnout and are frequently ineffective (Berliner, 1986; Browers Tomic, 2000; Espin Yell, 1994). The ability of teachers to organize classrooms and manage the behavior of their students is critical to achieving both positive educational outcomes for students and teacherShow MoreRelatedCommunication Barriers as an Organizational Behavior Issue3200 Words   |  13 Pagesï » ¿Abstract This paper discusses communication barriers as an organizational behavior issue at Jackson Memorial Hospital in Miami. The hospital is one of the largest in the United States, with multiple sites, multiple buildings, and a diverse staff. This makes communication a challenge not only for providing quality care, but also for fostering innovation and leadership throughout the organization. Recommendations are provided to improve communication with the objective of improving overall performanceRead More Against Mandatory School Uniforms in Public School Essay4389 Words   |  18 Pages Imagine that you pick your seven-year-old child up from school. He is crying and wearing a different outfit than the one he wore to school. This is naturally upsetting but not as upsetting as your next discovery. His shirt, one you have never seen before, has a large L written on the sleeve in permanent marker; his shorts, also not his, are too large, stained and faded. Upon questioning your child, you discover that, despite your best efforts at compliance, your child’s clothing has violatedRead MoreThe Acquisition, Use, And Disposition Of School Property8925 Words   |  36 PagesDISPOSITION OF SCHOOL PROPERTY by MICHAEL LOONEY A DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education in the Department of Educational Leadership, Policy, and Technology Studies in the Graduate School of The University of Alabama TUSCALOOSA, ALABAMA 2009 Copyright Michael Looney 2009 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT This study examines the historical development of case law pertaining to the acquisition, use, and disposition of school district property

PHILOSOPHY of COUNSELING Free Essays

Clinical psychology focus SE on the intellectual, emotional, biological, psychological, social, and behavioral aspect s of human injunction across the life span, in varying cultures, and at all socioeconomic I bevel† (Todd Aboard, 1999, peg. 5). In my philosophy I do believe this to be true among other things. We will write a custom essay sample on PHILOSOPHY of COUNSELING or any similar topic only for you Order Now I believe the Bible to be my main source of truth. View of Human Nature With any philosophy we have to start at the beginning of the nature of people and their disorders. Why are people the way they are? Is it nature or nurture? I believe we do not s tart out as a â€Å"blank slate. † We are all born with specific genes and attributes that are unique to us. We are all individuals unique in our own ways. However our experiences mature and SSH ape us for good or for bad. Think about life as a poker game and in your hand are the cards you have been dealt. You were given the cards and how you play the game or your â€Å"experiences† d determine the outcome. Morality and values are not subjective sets of ideas that vary from p resin to person, or even culture to culture. Rather, they are determined by Someone who is above e the created realm and gives them to all whom are created. This â€Å"Someone† gives you the cards. Without being given these basic values and morals utter chaos would reign in the world. In t he Bible Jesus says â€Å"For out of the heart come evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornication’s, the bets, false witness, slanders. † (Matthew 1 5:19, NASA) This obviously points to the fact that our he arts are the central problem in addressing the behaviors and actions of our lives. In the Bi blew we also get a clear picture of the condition of the human being. Romans 3:23 says â€Å"All have sinned and fall short of the glory of God† (NASA). The logical implication is that one who has s mined (defined as a thought, action upon a thought, or behavior that is against the character ND perfection of God’s character) is called a â€Å"sinner†. Because we have all sinned we can not ex prurience the life God intended us to live. Our sin separates us from God and therefore is the r 80th issue in our lives. Not every struggle is a result of personal sin though. If a client were ABA seed, traumatized, rejected, neglected, etc. The sin is not theirs but the results of someone else’s sin plays out in their life. Many people need counseling because of the sins of others, entrust their own. Our behaviors and actions flow directly from our sinful thoughts, actions, and series. If someone were to live their life on a deserted island and never have any human contact they would still have the propensity and desire to be greedy, l ustful, prideful, and o there things that go directly against the character of God. Society and our environment do not diet ermine our actions as much as our own inward distorted desires. The root issue is a heart problem m, not one of needing just a â€Å"behavioral adjustment† to correct the actions. When clients co me to counseling because they are struggling with something that is a result of someone else’s sin the direction and Ochs is still on their need for a Savior to give them the inner ability to have the e strength, patience, forgiveness, and healing to move forward in their life. Therapist/Client Relationship My role as a therapist, is to lift the fallen, restore the broken, and to heal the h rutting. Am not there to judge or â€Å"pick sides. We were created for relationships. In order for a therapist to have the type of relationship with the client that allows them to challenge the client they need to be perceived as open, attentive, willing to be challenged, a listener, fair, friend lye, firm, and trusting. A great client/ counselor relationship is not totally essential to change occurring in the life of a client, but it is very important . I should be able to empathic with the client, teach them coping mechanisms, and offer a different perspective or insight as to what the e issue might be. The client should not rely on me solely as the fix all to any problem. The there pips assists the client in identifying dysfunctional beliefs. The counselor also discovers alternate dive rules for living for the client. The therapist acts as the teacher and teaches new abilities and skills to the client. The client understands their problem better and practice changing self defeating ways, such as, acting and thinking. In this way, it is important to maintain a truthful, secure, confident relationship between the client and the helper to be effective. The essential o objective is for change to occur; the change could be an environmental change, specific behave viral change, change in thinking identifying and awareness. Strengths and Weaknesses as a Therapist like to think I’m good at seeing the â€Å"big picture. † If you are able to take a step back and look at life this way you don’t worry about trivial things as much because you hen realize that they don’t matter in the big scheme of things. As a therapist could then be a blew to help teach my clients to do the same. Would teach them to focus on the big picture rather t Han trivial details. One thing that I will have to work on is not giving advice. My friends come to me for advice right now and its really hard to break that habit. I’ve started to take myself oh t of the situation and offer guidelines that could help them in the situation because don’t wan t them to depend on me and the same goes for my future clients. I want to be a Marriage and Fame Ii Therapist and I’m not married, nor do I have a family of my own. Some people could see this as a problem because I don’t know specifically know the situation. However do empathic with people and can relate to them in other areas. I would also explain to them then that even if I were married I still wouldn’t know the exact situation because every situation is different and unique to that individual. Conclusion My philosophy of counseling beings with the fact that all of humanity has intro NCSC value. The ideal counseling situation would be one where a client is able to see a love Eng relationship dolled between the counselor and the client in such a way that they being t o desire to know more about God. How to cite PHILOSOPHY of COUNSELING, Papers Philosophy of Counseling Free Essays In general I view myself as behaviorally and cognitively orientated however through the years within my professional experience I found myself being somehow an eclectic counselor. As I grow professionally and expand my knowledge, I find myself incorporating in my counseling style, various other techniques from other models of psychotherapy. I have administered many techniques from varying theories, thus, I believe it would be inaccurate for me at this point, to identify my style of counseling with one particular mode or theory. We will write a custom essay sample on Philosophy of Counseling or any similar topic only for you Order Now Throughout my graduate work I often played in my mind the ways in which I would counsel others. It was of my understanding that I needed to â€Å"stick† with one theory. Luckily that wasn’t the case. I allow various theoretical models to grow on me and as I applied them to clients and tested them out, I was able to make them my own. The way I will approach this paper is to make some bullet points and elaborate was has brought be to choose certain models over others. †¢ What drives my behavior? Well, I always had a genuine interest in helping others. when I look back at my childhood, I can remember being concerned about the elderly, about the homeless, about people that were quiet and shy. I always carried this thought in the back of my head: † they just want (need) someone to talk to† and for some reason I always felt guilty for not approaching these people because I believed that person should have been me. Obviously I wasn’t educated on theories at the time and didn’t know what to say, but I had this interest in wanting to â€Å"be there† for them. 1 I can confidently say that my childhood experience has had a significant impact in the development of my philosophy of â€Å"helping†/counseling people and, on the other hand, education is what helped me be a better counselor. I will introduce the second bullet by stating a quote from Henry David Thoreau â€Å"Simplify the problem of life. When the mathematician solves a difficult problem, he first frees the equation of all encumbrances and reduces it to its simplest terms. † Many times clients come to us because they believe they have no way out, that life is complicated a nd that nothing is â€Å"simple†. I firmly believe that life is what we make of it. It’s about perception, it’s about how much importance we give to the things that happen to us. Their life is too crowded with other things that cloud their view. I read this book once from Benjamin Hoff â€Å"the Tao of Pooh†, it mentions the â€Å"The Uncarved Block† which is the idea that â€Å"things in their original simplicity contain their own natural power†. All we need to do is scrape that block to its origin. I believe people have the answer within themselves, they have the ability to set their goal and meet them; my job is to help them figure out how. †¢ This brings me to the next bullet. My biggest interest is to help people identify what their problem is and help them figure out what they need to do to manage that problem or in other words, what they need to do to be happy and satisfied with their life. I like to help them meet that stage where they can feel comfortable in. †¢As I look back to my recent professional experiences, I have noticed that 2 being comfortable with myself is a big element that I need to keep in mind. I like who I am and what I do and that gives me the confidence to be efficient to my client, I could never be a therapist and listen and be â€Å"helpful† to people if I am miserable, if i don’t like myself or what I do in life. I try to monitor myself on a regular basis, and try to avoid pushing my own dispositions onto others, particularly on those clients who are more susceptible. It amazes me how clients can â€Å"read† us. They can tell if something’s wrong. My belief is that I am there for the client not vice-versa. My vision includes myself making a sincere effort to always remain open, reflective, self-evaluative, caring, and respectful to myself and to all my clients. I believe that good counseling comes when counselors are able to periodically evaluate themselves in relation to the needs of clients. †¢I apply psycho-education to by sessions with clients. I feel blessed everyday for the opportunity I was giving to go to school. I understand not everyone has that chance. My education enriched my life and gave me that extra piece I needed to complete myself and to be who I am today. Because of that I feel the need to â€Å"give back† and educating my clients has become very important to me. I like to introduce psycho educational sessions with my clients from time to time. †¢discipline and structure are another elements that have contributed to my professional development. I believe in structure and I also believe that the 3 majority of the clients that come to us lack structure. I looked up on the dictionary what structure meant and it actually validated my point. Structure is â€Å"The way in which parts are arranged or put together to form a whole. To give form. Something made up of a number of parts that are held or put together in a particular way. † People want to feel â€Å"complete†, their lives are pulled apart by so many factors such as Mental Illnesses, for example, by providing that structure I hope they would feel â€Å"put together†, less lost or pulled apart. I believe structure is a big part of therapy, it holds therapy sessions together, there is a start, middle and an end. Helping clients see this, it helps built structure in their lives. †¢I believe in practicing a collaborative approach to therapy where client and counselor form a relationship based on respect and mutual understanding. This relationship serves as the means through which emotional and cognitive growth can occur in the client and we work together to agree upon and develop goals for therapy which fit their specific and diverse needs. †¢My approach features genuineness, warmth, and a sense of humor which creates a trusting atmosphere for my clients. Within this authentic atmosphere, my clients have the freedom to express themselves openly and honestly while receiving the support necessary to meet their personal goals. †¢ As I was told plenty of time during my tape recordings, i also like to instill hope and convey support to my clients. I believe it is important. 4 †¢ Cognitive behavior therapy is my primary approach to counseling, I believe in relearning new thoughts and behavior patterns, when old/previous learned patterns are infective. Although cognitive behavior therapy is a ain component to my why of counseling, as I mentioned before, throughout the years I have incorporated many other techniques. †¢ Reality Therapy for example. is appealing to me because it emphasizes choices and responsibility, concreteness and directionality. With reality therapy, progress can be measured and clients can move towards a more workable way of dealing with life. there are times when I believe the past needs to be â€Å"revis ited† by both the client and the therapist, to evaluate previous ways of coping, ways of handling situations. Although I believe the past becomes an important part to deal with to be able to move forward, people need (at times) to stop dwelling on the past and move forward: make choice and take responsibilities. †¢ I have applied various other techniques with clients and although all different from one another they all seemed to fit my personality just fine. Making these techniques my own and believing in them, allowed me to apply them easily and comfortably in sessions. Principles of Taoism and eastern philosophy for example. I became aware of this way of viewing life during a very hard time of my life. Although Catholic, I was able to see life with different eyes and cope with things much better. By its own definition, Taoism is near impossible to convey in words. Tao is 5 loosely translated as â€Å"the way† and emphasizes harmony and mindfulness; it can be explained only by experience. I try to live by these principles myself and try to teach them also to my clients my modeling. I believe that people need awareness and harmony in their lives, they need that perfect balance between mind and body. Once they have control over that, they can control things like depression, anxiety, or stress. I also bring to my sessions a multi-cultural perspective. My personal experience with my culture (Italian) played an important and critical role in my understanding of people and personalities, the way people interact and behave. I learned very quickly that culture has its own rituals and customs that guide and shape the way people behave. †¢ one thing I do believe in with or without the help of a theory, I believe that everyone has some kind of potential within themselves. I like to help people grow and reach that potential. I wouldn’t be able to do what I do, if I did not believe that people can change. 6 How to cite Philosophy of Counseling, Essay examples

Principal of Responsible Business Business Values and Ethics

Question: Describe about the Principal of Responsible Business for Business Values and Ethics. Answer: 1. From the above case study, it is required to bring out the main issues of ADSY. ADSY is pharmaceutical industry in Egypt (Lehoux et al., 2014). This particular company faces issues with low market share as it fails in competing with other multinationals in and around the world. Salem, sales and marketing Director of ADSY was little bit puzzled with the problem and called for immediate meeting for solving the problem. Rationale for the study is to analyze the fact regarding the sale of vaccines to physicians. Gentile (2015) argues that ADSY should offers incentive like other multinationals for retaining in the global marketplace. On the contrary, ADSY faces issues and needs counter argument by the sales team for gathering facts on low market share. In order to compete with multinationals, ADSY requires in finding innovative way and creating Unique Selling Proportion in the upcoming financial year. This case study on ADSY brings out real issues after viewing at the sales report for the year 2006. This needs to be addressed by the management of ADSY for sustaining in the near future (Gentile, 2013). 2. From the case study, stake for the key parties are the managing director of ADSY. Their money is invested at ADSY and loss in market share will affect their reputation largely. Edwards et al., (2012) suggest that sales team argued regarding low market share but kept point in finding innovative way in solving the issue. From the wording of Adel who is the top sales representatives of ADSY, he was of the opinion in offering incentives to the physicians like other multinationals (Edwards et al., 2014). ADSY is the distributors for top multinationals who aims at selling vaccines to physicians in and around the country. On the contrary, Chappell et al., (2013) suggest that ADSY discovers the problems faced by sales representatives for low market share. ADSY was under huge pressure for offering physical incentives. For the company ADSY, incentives system is mostly utilized by the top-multinationals at affordable prices (Arce Gentile, 2015). 3. Gentile (2015) argues that losing market share is a serious issue faced by ADSY. There are many opinions given by the members at team meeting for bringing improvement at ADSY. They have analyzed that physicians shows interest selling vaccines from multinationals as they renders incentive packages (Edwards et al., 2014). This kind of incentives involves commissions as well as gifts and free leisure trips. Some team members are of the opinion that providing invectives will degrade their present position and should concentrate any other concrete way of solving the issue as far as possible (Arce Gentile, 2015). Gentile (2015) argues that sale of pharmaceutical industry are mostly highly dependent especially for the prescription for drugs by the physicians to patients. Most of the top-multinationals are due to exertion of maximum effort for convincing physicians (Edwards et al., 2014). It involves prescribing products to patients. Addition to that, it should give incentives like drug samples as well as invitations to most of the international conferences (Lehoux et al., 2014). 4. According to Gentile (2015), this case study argues with persuasive response regarding issues with unethical behavior for the physicians. There arises ethical conflict between the physicians as well as patient welfare for taking into consideration for future analysis purpose. ADSY should plan ways for base their decisions depending upon the patients needs. ADSY aims at competing with other multinationals and gain high market share in the upcoming financial year. Problems arise as physicians mostly suggest expensive brands vaccines to the patients to get the extra margin of profits (Edwards et al., 2014). This has affected the market of ADSY largely and needs immediate attention by the sales team and directors of ADSY. Ethical dilemma faced by ADSY should be checked that led in losing market share in the current world (Arce Gentile, 2015). Edward et al., (2012) argues in maintaining leadership activities especially for producing as well as marketing of biological products and vaccines in the region. It should pace with recent technological progress as well as global competition at the same time. It requires contribution of satisfying the needs of the patients at affordable prices in and around the world (Lehoux et al., 2014). It is therefore important to consider the case study regarding the future impact of low market share for retaining in the global marketplace. Sales team and other representatives should make innovative plans for solving the issues. Reference List Arce, D. G., Gentile, M. C. (2015). Giving Voice to Values as a leverage point in business ethics education. Journal of Business Ethics, 131(3), 535-542. Chappell, S., Edwards, M. G., Webb, D. (2013). Sustaining Voices: Applying Giving Voice to Values to Sustainability Issues. Journal of Business Ethics Education, 10, 211-230. Edwards, M. G., Kirkham, N. (2014). Situating Giving Voice to Values: A metatheoretical evaluation of a new approach to business ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 121(3), 477-495. Edwards, M. G., Webb, D., Chappell, S., Gentile, M. (2012). Giving Voice to Values: A new perspective on ethics in globalised organisational environments. Ethical models and applications of globalization: Culture, socio-political and economic perspectives, 160-185. Gentile, M. C. (2013). Giving voice to values. In Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility (pp. 1218-1221). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Gentile, M. C. (2015). Learning about ethical leadership through the giving voice to values curriculum. New directions for student leadership, 2015(146), 35-47. Lehoux, P., Daudelin, G., Hivon, M., Miller, F. A., Denis, J. L. (2014). How do values shape technology design? An exploration of what makes the pursuit of health and wealth legitimate in academic spinà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ offs. Sociology of health illness, 36(5), 738-755.

Born First, Born Smarter Essays - Intelligence, Intelligence Tests

Born First, Born Smarter Born First, Born Smarter? The experiment that I read was Born First, Born Smarter. It was a study done by R. B. Zajonc and G. B. Markus in 1975. They planned to see why recent research had determined that the first-born child in a family related to certain characteristics. It was round that first-born children tend to be more verbally articulate, less impulsive, more active, better performers in school, more likely to go to college, and tend to have a greater need to achieve. It was also found that earlier-born children tend to score higher on tests of intelligence and aptitude than those born into the family later. One of the things researchers looked at was the different environments that a first-born and second-born enter into. The first born enters a world of just two adults. The second child's environment is significantly different because it enters a world of two adults and one young child. I believe this would have a big effect on the second child because he/she's parents will have to give attention to the first-born along with the second-born. Zajonc and Markus developed a theory to explain the relationship between birth order and intelligence. Their study was somewhat unusual because Zajonc and Markus never actually came into contact with any subjects, never observed any subjects, and never asked subjects to do anything. Instead of actually coming into contact with their subjects, Zajonc and Markus applied their theory to a set of data that had been gathered and published by other researchers, Belmont and Marolla. Belmont and Marolla gave 350,000 Dutch males a Raven test, which is similar to an I.Q. test. They found a strong relationship between the birth order of the men and their scores on the Raven test. The scores decreased as family size increased and also declined with birth order. Using the information provided by Belmont and Marolla, Zajonc and Markus proposed the theory that as family size increases, the average intellectual climate of the family decreases. Zajonc and Markus put the data from the Belmont and Marolla study into a table that provided information about the number of children and the average intellectual score for the children. They noticed that in larger families there is somewhat of a leveling off or even an increase in scores for the extreme later-born children. The reason for this increase is because the other siblings start to leave the family and contribute towards the average intellectual climate. Zajonc and Markus also found that twins and triplets performed lower on tests of intelligence than non-twin siblings. Zajonc and Markus didn't try to claim that the only determinates of intellectual ability were family size and birth order. There were other factors such as genetic heritage and prenatal care that also contribute to intellectual d evelopment. After reading about this research, I feel that it was very well done. It seems to be ethical and Zajonc and Markus had a large sample to evaluate. I personally agree with what was found in the study. I am the youngest of three children in my family. My brother is the oldest and he always took the hardest classes and got straight A's. My sister was the second oldest. She was a lot like my brother but she always went to my brother for help with her school work. Then it comes down to me. I had pretty good grades through school; mostly B's and a few A's. It just seems like the order of intelligence in my family goes down from my brother to me. One of the things that Zajonc and Markus couldn't evaluate was how motivated people are. The older sibling might be more intelligent but that doesn't mean they are a harder worker or more motivated that the last-born sibling. Psychology Essays

Mauvais - French Expressions

Mauvais - French Expressions The French word mauvais literally means bad and is also used in many idiomatic expressions. Learn how to say mean trick, weed, ill repute, and more with this list of expressions with mauvais. French Expressions Using Mauvais avoir mauvaise mine to look unhealthy La balle est mauvaise. (tennis) The ball is out. faire un mauvais coup to play a mean trick (on someone) se faire du mauvais sang to worry en mauvais tat in bad condition un mauvais contact faulty connection un mauvais coucheur awkward customer une mauvaise excuse poor excuse la mauvaise graine bad seed, bad lot une mauvaise herbe weed une mauvaise langue a gossip un mauvais lieu place of ill repute le mauvais il evil eye Les mauvais ouvriers ont toujours de mauvais outils. (proverb) A bad workman always blames his tools. mauvais rapport qualit-prix poor value le mauvais temps bad weather regarder lil mauvais to look threatening, to fix someone with a threatening look recevoir un mauvais coup to get a nasty blow

What do you understand by the term epistemology How can different Essay

What do you understand by the term epistemology How can different epistemological understandings influence choice of research method - Essay Example Epistemology seeks to explore or evaluate how knowledge is acquired, how much knowledge is understood, and knowledge is constructed within the realms of human mind. Epistemology tries to explain the relationship between depth of human understanding about a particular subject and the reliability of that understanding. It seeks to answer the question how what is known can be measured. Research aims at analyzing objects of nature in order to come up with a helpful conclusion. The researcher is thus at the discretion of using personal beliefs, understanding, and justification to influence the outcome of the research findings. A report by University of Oulu claims that the researcher is in a position to â€Å"influence directly only the epistemological basis of the research, not the evaluator’s bias, but of course clear criteria stated by the researcher makes it more valid for the reader to evaluate the trustworthiness of the research† (University of Oulu, 2003, p. 1). Seale echoes the same sentiments â€Å"it is true that certain epistemological and theoretical positions have influenced the character of both quantitative and qualitative research† (Seale, 2004 p. 506). Truthfulness of research is very important especially in the field of public health. For instance, I intend to use Quantitative analysis for my dissertation that aims at investigating public’s awareness of thalassemia syndromes in Jordans Capital – Amman. The study will collect information in form of questionnaires. Certainly, the questionnaires will be a reflection of my epistemological foundation. The questions will be formulated based on understanding of the topic. Although a lot of work on literature review will be done, interpretation of the literature work will depend on two main factors. First, it will depend on the line of thought of authors of the literature that I will review. Secondly, it will depend on my own interpretation of the literature work, which in turn will depend on personal

Summary of Articles Concerning Semiotic Pedagogy Annotated Bibliography

Summary of Articles Concerning Semiotic Pedagogy - Annotated Bibliography Example In the past, learning art only entailed being taught the history of art, art aesthetics, and art criticism. This approach relied on the concept of art being a disciplinary subject where signs and codes were disregarded. However, involving semiotics enables the development of this approach in order to perceive art as interdisciplinary. In other words, Smith argues that art also involves the coding and decoding of visual culture. This approach has largely depended on the current technological innovations, especially in the IT sector. Charles Pierce, in the nineteenth century, predicted this development in the literature by saying that further instructions in the process of teaching and learning will need to be included n the future as the world evolved. For instance, art teachers base their ideas on their own reflections, experiences, and interests. Understanding, thinking, and making connections between these factors enable their ideas to make sense. Moreover, Pierce argues that these factors describe the goals of contemporary semiotic pedagogy. The author tries to aid the location of the exact intersection points of semiotics and art education. Furthermore, other than find this point of intersection, Smith-Shank (2003), seeks to identify the signs backed by symbols in different cultures that contribute to the formation of art education. Therefore, this research aims at discovering the fine art and artifacts, inclusive of cultures that contributed to their formation and pinpointing their relevance in art education. On attainment of this relevance supported by the surrounding values, then it can be incorporated in art education for purposes of instilling knowledge or such. Moreover, for decades now, art serves the purpose of bridging the transmission of diverse cultures in different communities.

Importance Of Staphylococcus Aureus To Humans Biology Essay

Importance Of Staphylococcus Aureus To Humans Biology Essay The bacterial genus to be isolated and identification in this project is Staphylococcus. This genus has been chosen for the reason of its abundance on the skin of mammals and the pathogenic nature of one of its member, Staphylococcus aureus. Apart from skin infections, Staphylococcus aureus could mutate to Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In both cases, these give rise to medical implications. In addition, the distinctive features of Staphylococcus aureus from other species in the genus allow it to be easily isolated and identified via culturing and biochemical tests. Staphylococcus was first discovered in 1880 by Alexander Ogston (Paniker 2005, p.192). Currently, more than 30 different species of the genus has been identified (Deurenberg Stobberingh 2008). The name Staphylococcus was derived from Greek, with the prefix Staphylo referring to bunches of grapes and the suffix coccus referring to granule (Ryan Ray 2004). As the meanings suggest, bacteria from Staphylococcus are circular-shaped and their arrangement resembles bunches of grapes when observed under a microscope. Typically, a Staphylococcus has a diameter of approximately 1ÃŽÂ ¼m (Willey, Sherwood Woolverton 2011, p.562). The aim of the project is to isolate Staphylococcus aureus from the genus from a bundle of cat hairs and verify its identity via microscopic examination. No human specimen is used due to the potential pathogenic property of Staphylococcus. It is intended that a pure culture of pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus is obtained. For the purposes of this project, the importance of Staphylococcus aureus to humans, its classification in terms of morphology, physiology and structure, methods of isolation and identification by biochemical tests would be the objectives to be addressed. Importance of Staphylococcus aureus to humans The importance of Staphylococcus aureus to humans would be outlined by a review of the cell structure, cell physiology and environmental niches, followed by the medical implications of Staphylococcus. Cell structure Staphylococcus is a cocci bacterium. As a member of the Bacteria domain, it is expected that Staphylococcus has bacterial cell structure. In other words, it lacks nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. The structural elements in a cell of Staphylococcus should include a cell membrane, cell wall, ribosome and nucleoid (Campbell et al. 2009, p.98). On the other hand, it is worthwhile to note that Staphylococcus does not have flagella and spores (Paniker 2005, p.193). In addition to the above structures, Staphylococcus aureus possesses surface proteins that help attachment to proteins such as the fibronectin and fibrinogen-binding proteins involved in blood clotting (Baron 1996). This cellular property may explain the pathogenic nature of Staphylococcus aureus, as invasion might occur via wounds and abrasions. Cell physiology The cell physiology of Staphylococcus covers temperature, pH, osmolarity and oxygen requirements, as well as cell division. Staphylococcus typically grows from a temperature of 20oC to 40oC, with optimum temperature being 37oC (Todar 2000). Concerning the optimum pH for metabolism, it ranges from 7.4 to 7.6 (Paniker 2005, p.193). For osmolarity, Staphylococcus requires a water activity of at least 0.85 for substantial growth (Todar 2000). As for oxygen requirement, Staphylococcus is facultative anaerobic (Willey, Sherwood Woolverton 2011, p.562). This implies Staphylococcus can grow regardless of the presence of oxygen, but the presence of oxygen would be more favorable. Environmental niches The environmental niches of Staphylococcus can be addressed by its interactions with other organisms as to where it is found, how it synthesizes nutrients for growth and mutation. Staphylococcus is commonly found on the skin and mucous membranes of animals with stable body temperatures, including humans (OGara and Humphreys 2001, p.583). The salty environment along skin surface due to the production of sweat may account for the abundance of Staphylococcus, since its enzymatic activity is at alkaline pH (Blood et al. 2007). The prominent bacteria from the genus include Staphylococcus aureus, which colonizes in nasal cavity, larynx and on the skin surface (Andersson, Lindholm Fossum 2011). This may outline a parasitic relationship, in which Staphylococcus is the parasite and the animal supporting its growth is the host (Willey, Sherwood Woolverton 2011, p.725). In the presence of oxygen, Staphylococcus utilizes glucose to carry out cellular respiration, and electrons are passed on to the terminal acceptor, oxygen (Willey, Sherwood Woolverton 2011, p.562). When oxygen is lacking or absent, Staphylococcus may undergo fermentation and lactic acid is the usual product (Willey, Sherwood Woolverton 2011, p.562). In the process, glucose is converted into substrate pyruvate, followed by its binding to the cofactor Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) to produce lactic acid (Campbell et al. 2009, p.178) The interactions of Staphylococcus with the environment may also be underlined by mutation, which often occurs with Staphylococcus aureus. An example would be Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a Staphylococcus aureus that is resistant to the antibiotic, Methicillin (Willey, Sherwood Woolverton 2011, p.562). The mutation is caused by an alteration of the methicillin-resistance gene (mec A) coding for a penicillin-binding protein (Davis 2011). This results in failure of antibiotics to cure infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, which will be addressed in the medical implication section. Medical implications of Staphylococcus Staphylococcus can present a great diversity of environmental, medical or biotechnological implications. Being a mesophile, Staphylococcus can carry out metabolism under normal room temperature. Together with the abundance of warm-blooded animals which act as hosts to provide a salty medium, it can be said that Staphylococcus has an environmental implication of ubiquity. Statistics show that Staphylococcus aureus is present in 30% of healthy people (National Centre for Preparedness, Detection and Control of Infectious Diseases 2003). Though Staphylococcus may colonize on the skin surface of the host without causing any harms, its ubiquity can still give rise to various medical issues. The MRSA mentioned previously would be one of the problems associated with Staphylococcus. Apart from methicillin, MRSA could show resistance against many other antibiotics such as penicillin and amoxicillin (Agodi et al. 1999, p.638). The ineffectiveness of existing antibiotics to cure MRSA infections has resulted in fatality, and it is usually characterized by the incidence of septic shock and pneumonia (Klevens et al. 2007). A rapid increase of MRSA infections has been observed over the decades. The rate of hospitalized MRSA infections was only 2% in 1974 but this figure increases dramatically to approximately 40% in 1997 (Lowy 1998). This causes deaths of 19000 in t he United States of America annually (Klevens et al. 2007). As Staphylococcus colonies on skin surfaces and mucous membrane, skin infections and diseases associated with mucous membranes could be another medical implication. It is known that Staphylococcus aureus may cause Scalded Skin and Toxic Shock syndromes. Moreover, it may cause pneumonia, urinary tract infections, food poisoning (Gill et al. 2004, p. 2426). Classification of Staphylococcus The classification of Staphylococcus can be reviewed in terms of its morphology and some of the physiological properties stated above. Morphology The morphology of Staphylococcus can be described as cocci gram positive bacteria arranged in a cluster. This can be explained by its property of cell wall and its behavior in cell division. The cell wall of Staphylococcus shows a gram positive reaction, which indicates its composition is essentially a thick layer of peptidoglycan (Todar 2011). This property of cell structure helps the identification of Staphylococcus. Moving on to cell division, it can be predicted that Staphylococcus reproduce by binary fission. The reason for its cluster formation may be explained by its capability of undergoing binary fission in multiple planes with daughter cells remains proximal to each other (Paniker 2005, p.192). Though the daughter cells remain in close proximity, the positions of attachment could vary and this leads to cluster being formed irregularly (Todar 2011). Physiological properties In terms of thermal requirement, Staphylococcus is a mesophile. Regarding pH requirements, it is a neutrophile. Being a facultative anaerobe, Staphylococcus is catalase positive. The absence of flagella indicates that Staphylococcus is a non-motile bacterium. In addition, Staphylococcus aureus is coagulase positive but not for other species in the genus. As light is not readily available on skin surface and mucous membranes, it is proposed that Staphylococcus obtain energy via organic chemical compounds. Hence it is regarded as a chemotroph (Willey, Sherwood Woolverton 2011, p.137). The facultative anaerobic property of Staphylococcus may lead to a deduction that it utilizes organic carbon as the source of electron when oxygen is present. Though some Staphylococcus may use reduced forms of inorganic nitrates to generate electrons, its preference towards an aerobic atmosphere should define it as an organotroph (Willey, Sherwood Woolverton 2011, p.137, 562). When comes to carbon source, Staphylococcus is a heterotrophy (Kumar, Hatha Christi 2007). That is to say, it attains its carbon source by converting organic substances for synthesis via oxidation (Voet, D, Voet, JG Pratt CW 2008, p.449). To sum up, Staphylococcus should be one of the members of the microbial group Chemoorganotrophic heterotrophs. Methods of Isolation of Staphylococcus The methods of isolation of Staphylococcus would include growing in medium followed by streak plating. Growth media To ensure optimum growth of colonies, Staphylococcus should be enriched in nutrient broth with sodium chloride (NaCl) before plating on a nutrient agar. A nutrient broth normally consists of beef extract and peptone as fuels for growth (Willey, Sherwood Woolverton 2011, p.148). The addition of salt allows a selective medium for Staphylococcus as it predominantly grows in salty environment. Alternatively, a growth medium can be done via a Mannitol salt agar (MSA), which consists of 7.5% of NaCl and a pH indicator. MSA essentially acts as both a selective and differential medium. NaCl selects for saline-favored Staphylococcus and the pH indicator differentiates between Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Differentiation can be illustrated by the fact that Staphylococcus aureus utilizes mannitol in the agar for metabolism, and the generation of acidic product is indicated by a yellow color. However, this phenomenon does not apply to non-pathogenic Staphylococcus (Willey, Sherwood Woolverton 2011, p.147). Streak Plating Following enrichment, Staphylococcus in the medium can be transferred to an agar plate with nutrient broth and salt, by employment of aseptic techniques. At the same time, a transfer to an agar plate with only nutrient broth should be performed as a control set-up. This is to ensure the effectiveness of the selective media because other bacteria could grow on the agar plate if the medium was not set up properly. Afterwards, the plates would be incubated for a week. Incubation should be done at 37oC as it is the optimum temperature for Staphylococcus to grow. Plating and incubation should be repeated a few times to make sure that the colonies grown are pure. Identification by biochemical tests The identity of Staphylococcus cannot be confirmed by carrying out the gram reaction alone due to the fact that a great variety of bacteria from other genus may also show gram positive reaction. Therefore, some biochemical tests have to be performed to verify that the bacteria isolated is in the genus of Staphylococcus and it is of the species Staphylococcus aureus. These tests include catalase, motility and cogulase. First of all, as Staphylococcus aureus is facultative anaerobic, it is expected that it contains enzymes to break down harmful products such as free radicals generated along its aerobic pathway (). In this case, the enzyme of interest is catalase, in which its presence allows the breakdown of toxic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into oxygen and water (). Therefore colourless gas bubbles can be observed when H2O2 is added to a colony of Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, as Staphylococcus aureus is non-motile, motility test can be performed. In a motility medium supplied with carbon source, a pink color can only be observed along the stab line (). This essentially means that the growht Staphylococcus aureus is localized and its colonies are not motile. Furthermore, the identification test between Staphylococcus aureus and other bacteria from the genus would be based on its reaction with coagulase. Staphylococcus aureus readily coagulates plasma but not for others species in the genus (Willey, Sherwood Woolverton 2011, p.750). To ensure accuracy of the test, it is preferable to test on colonies extracted from culture plates that are known to contain coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative Staphylococcus epididymis respectively. The former acts as a positive control, while the latter acts as a negative control. Conclusion In conclusion, Staphylococcus is a ubiquitous bacterial genus that can pose various medical implications and it can be grown, isolated and identified based on its, environmental niches, morphology, physiological and structural characteristics. The aims of isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus can be achieved by a review of the four objectives as summarized below. Firstly, it is often found on epidermis of animal skins including humans and its ability to metabolize optimally at 37oC and at pH of 7.4-7.6 makes it a potential pathogen to humans. In particular, the species Staphylococcus aureus can cause a great diversity of diseases and the mutated Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus could be fatal owing to its resistance to most antibiotics. Secondly, it can be classified by in terms of morphology and some of the physiological characteristics. Its morphology is gram positive cocci bacteria growing in clusters. It is a mesophile, nuetrophile and facultative anaerobe. It is catalase positive and only Staphylococcus aureus is coagulase positive. The energy, electron and carbon sources of Staphylococcus aureus can be described as chemoorganotrophic heterotrophic. Thirdly, regarding growth medium, the sample of cat hair should be enriched in a medium of sodium chloride before incubating on an agar plate of nutrient broth and salt at 37oC. The colonies should be streaked plated a few times to remove contaminants. This increases the efficiency of isolation of Staphylococcus aureus. Lastly, Staphylococcus aureus can be identified by the catalase, motility and coagulase tests. It is expected that bubbling is observed as a positive result with the catalase test. As for the motility test, a negative test is expected. In other words, no growth is observed across the stab line. Clumping of plasma is seen as a positive result and this differentiates Staphylococcus aureus from other species in the genus.

ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF GLOBALIZATION ON TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY Essay

While discussing the topics of trade, development and political economy, globalization is often discussed. In general, globalization means a process in which world economies become highly integrated, leading to a global economy and highly global economic policymaking, through international agencies such as the World Trade Organization (Todaro & Smith, 2006). Since late 1980s, the increasing globalization in the manufacturing sector and service sector has also globalized the telecommunication industry. A large number of telecom companies are expanding rapidly from their home countries to other countries in order to increase their customer base and their sales, off course. Globalization has with it many challenges and economic benefits too. For many economists, globalization can cause serious troubles in the whole world, such as inequality is accentuated, environmental degradation, and dominance of rich countries etc. But at the same time proponents of globalization are of the view tha t globalization leads to the rapid growth of knowledge and innovation and improved living standards. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF GLOBALIZATION How globalization occurred or which forces gave birth to this phenomenon? The three chief economic and financial indicators that led to globalization are:  The international trade of goods and services, the widening and freeing of trade has led to globalization to increase at a rapid pace. The greater flow of capital because of growth of global capital markets. Globalization of financial sector is the most influential aspect of economic globalization. The greater movement of people around the globe has also contributed to rapidly growing globalization, breaking down cultural barriers. Globalization means integration of different markets in the global economy. Globalization may occur in different markets such as financial markets, commodity markets and even in the service sector (Scholte, 2000). Producers and consumers and national economies as a whole benefit from the process of globalization. For example, economies may benefit from specializing themselves in particular products in which they have comparative advantage. Firms may become cost competitive through globalization by accessing to cheap raw materials from other countries. Similarly, benefit of economies of scale is achieved through access to large markets and higher demand for products, thus reducing average production cost of the firm. Large multinationals are the main carriers of economic globalization. They are globally aligning their production and resources according to the principle of profit maximization. GLOBALIZATION OF TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY- CASE OF VODAFONE Initially telecommunication industry was owned and controlled by state-owned national telecommunication companies. But with the passage of time, innovation in technology and globalization has transformed the nature of telecommunication industry. Globalization has opened up markets and brought competition in this sector. National telecommunication companies were being privatized and the industry deregulated to make it competitive. All over the world, the multinational companies have become the main vehicle for accelerating globalization. Vodafone, a British multinational telecommunication company, is the world’s leading telecommunication having significant existence in Europe, United States, Middle East, Asia Pacific and Africa. It is one of the most rapidly flourishing global companies, which started as a holder of one of the first two mobile communications licenses in the UK and now it’s a dominant global brand. (Ibbott, 2007) provides a view that Vodafone created a social network that was involved in mergers and acquisitions and  deployment of a global network of mobile technology that serves a proportionate mobile customer base of 198.6 million in 2006. Ibbott (2007) explained what really globalization means as â€Å"A global company is one that permits its local operations to act in the image of the market locally and yet can act in a truly homogeneous way with respect to the supply and provision of its core products and services† Vodafone is a global company as its sourcing and supply chain activities are transferred to be entirely global for the major part of its investment, while services remain local (Ibbott, 2007). Globalization does not mean to open operations and branches in other countries but to make its operations global, not directed by the head office located in the parent country. CONSEQUENCES OF GLOBALIZATION ON TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY- CASE OF VODAFONE Globalization has become a vital aspect of the global economy and strongly influences the comparative advantage of economies. (Salvatore, 2004) examined the effect of globalization on the comparative advantage of Europe for several goods and concluded that Europe has a comparative disadvantage in telecommunication with respect to Japan, United States and Dynamic Asian countries. The degree of globalization is a significant element in examining the international competitiveness of economies. Large multinational corporations are enjoying the benefits of globalization, the most. Almost 50 percent of total profits of Vodafone came from foreign sales, i.e. Asia Pacific and Middle East region. The CEO of UK-based Vodafone Group talking about global leadership said (Yunker, 2008), â€Å"Less than 5 percent of our profits comes from UK. We have had to fundamentally redesign this company as a global company. We are a highly consumer-centric company. In Germany, we feel German. In Italy, we feel Italian. In Spain, we feel Spanish. In India, we feel Indians.† Vodafone has experienced fall-out in Japan in 2005. It released â€Å"Converged-Handset† mobile phones in December 2005 in 13 countries concurrently, including Japan. Being, one of the world’s largest global companies, it did so without taking into account the domestic environment of each country. In this way they incurred great loss in both, number of  subscribers and profits. The company lost 200,000 subscribers in the first few months of the year and profits declined by 15.4 percent (Fackler & Belson, 2005). Customers also got many troubles like; lack of functions, the expensive bills and bad signals. Thus it failed to introduce same technologies in different countries. In order to regain its position in the market, they offered such services which are being provided by their competitors such as; low prices, flat monthly bills for calls and emails. Hence market competition forced Vodafone to survive in the market by competing with the same products at same rates as its competitors are offering. Due to globalization, consumer became more aware of their decisions. They take their decisions by taking into account their ethical and environmental concerns. This new dimension poses pressure on industries to improve their business through new public initiatives and laws. Likewise, increased global competition put serious pressure on Vodafone to evaluate its CSR policy and ethical stance. When globalization reached its pace and mergers and acquisitions among firms take place, multinational companies get authority to hire and fire their workers (Carlson, 2002). This was happened in Motorola, when they fired their 3000 workers on 2000 by shutting down their plant in Scotland. Similarly, in 2009, Vodafone restructured its business model, in order to save costs and to accommodate more customers-facing roles. Around 400 workers were made jobless from its headquarters or being deployed to some other places. Hence, it is being proven over the years that in large multinational organizations, large number of workers have been made jobless, thus, creating a sense of insecurity among workers. Taking into account the fact that globalization may also have adverse impact on workers; The European Globalization Adjustment Fund (EGF) has been established. The EGF aimed to support redundant workers, mainly in the areas where globalization has adversely affected the workers. The European Globalization Adjustment Fund has been established under Regulation (EC) No 1927/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006. It has an annual budget of EUR 500 million to assist worker for their employment. EVALUATION AND CONCLUSION The growing integration of the economies has been a heated debate all around the world over the last two decades. The consequences of globalization and its various dimensions have been widely debated and examined by academics, politicians, policymakers, and even the private sector. According to the United Nations Development Program, Human Development Report, 1999 â€Å"Globalization is shaping a new era of interaction among economies and people. It is increasing the interaction between people across national boundaries, in economy, technology, in culture and in governance. But it is also splitting production processes, labor markets, political entities and societies. So, while globalization has positive and dynamic aspects, it has also negative, disruptive, marginalizing aspects.† Critics of globalization argue that globalization is detrimental to economic growth, such as it increases income inequality among nations, economic instability may arise, workers are being exploited and governments become unable to raise taxes, on the other hand, the advocates of globalization are of the view that it brings higher rate of sustainable economic growth and improved living standards. In a study from the Centre of Economic Policy Research by European Policy Advisors, while analyzing the economic impact of globalization, it was found that the true benefits of globalization overweigh the costs associated with it. Similarly globalization has been affecting the telecommunication sector too. Due to increasing globalization, the telecommunication policy all around the world has widened their cross-border implications as compared to the past. According to the analysis of (Siochru, 2004), media and telecommunication sectors are the leading sectors in facilitating globalization. The globalization of financial transactions and manufacturing products is due to globalization of media and telecommunication sectors. REFERENCES 1.Carlson, B. A., 2002. Job Losses, Multinational and Globalization: The Anatomy of Disempowerment. Santiago: United Nations Publications. 2.Fackler, M. & Belson, K., 2005. A Major Backfire in Japan Deflates Vodafone’s One-Size-Fits-All Strategy. [Online] Available at:

Explain How Christian Charities and Communities Essay

May put these Ideas into Practice Christian charities and communities put these ideas into action by devoting time to those who are less fortunate than themselves. They may work abroad as a doctor or nurse, or as an aid worker in a refugee camp. They may also provide help from their own homes by not being wasteful and donating old clothes and books and other objects that could be of use. There are certain organisations set up for Christians to help those less fortunate. These include organisations such as Voluntary Service Overseas which offers service to people with the will to help and it helps set them up with some work to do abroad. Other people will make donations to charities or even set aside some of their monthly income to make sure that they give something each month to help thise less fortunate than themselves. Christians are obligated to work towards helping those less fortunate than themselves. Charities such as Oxfam, Save the Children Fund and Comic Relief are all based to eliminate world poverty. However, they are not based on any religious beliefs. Christian charities include the Salvation Army, Christian Aid, Tear Fund and CAFOD. Christian Aid was organised just after the Second World War as many people had lost all their possesions and loved ones, including their home and family. Many people were left with nothing. That is when ‘Christian Reconstruction in Europe’ was set up, which raised a massive one million pounds! This helped people start to build up their lives again. Once the citizens in Europe started to become more settled, the attention was drawn to other countries where there was still a huge problem with poverty and injustice, such as Africa. The name of the organisation was then changed to ‘Christian Aid’ and has been known as that ever since. Christian Aid has helped those in natural disasters (such as the war in Lebanon, the famine in Sudan and East Pakistan and others), by sending over money, doctors and medicines, clothes and food. The money sent over is used to build hospitals, education centres and wells for clean water. Most recently Christian Aid has campaigned for fair trade and for an end to Third World dept. Christian Aid works in more than 70 countries, and on more than 700 local projects. There are four main areas to Christian Aid, the first of which is fund-raising. Christian Aid Week started in 1957 and is a major nationwide event. Churches are given a number of towns to manage between them, of which all houses in them have an envelope posted through. In this envelope are the aims of Christian Aid, along with the explaination of the work and asks for a donation. In 1995 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½8,600,000 was raised. Christian Aid provides emergency aid to deal with natural disasters and refugees- this takes priority over long-term projects due to the extreme nature of the situations. This type of aid involves sending food and medicine as well as providing shelter for those affected. About 10-15% of its funds are spent on emergency aid each year. Long-term projects such as in Bangladesh where a basic drugs factory has been funded have the aim to continue helping the country in the future. This is the main area of Christian Aid’s work, which encourages people in LEDC’s to work themselves out of poverty, so that they will not need aid in the future. The final area of Christian Aid’s work is education (in the UK mainly), where 5% of the budget is spent. ‘Christian Aid News’, a quarterly newspaper gives information on their developments as well as explaining the need for world development and ways in which Christians can help those in LEDC’s. Christianity tries to make people in the west aware of the conditions in the Third World. They do this by running advertising campaigns and educatory packs for schools. They believe that increased awareness will mean that Christians and others will be more prepared to give to Third World charities. The Salvation Army began in 1865 when William Booth, and his wife Catherine, realised that the poor were not being treated equally to the richer and they were not even allowed into churches. He believed the ‘church needed to go to the people, rather than the people coming to the church, to be touched by the Christian message.’ By 1900 the Army had spread around the world to 36 countries.The aim of The Salvation Army is ‘the advancement of the Christian religion†¦of education, the relief of poverty, and other charitable objects beneficial to society or the community of mankind as a whole.’ The Salvation Army are also aiming to reach out to others, in order to encourage them to do the same. The ‘community outreach team’ aims at doing just that, making people aware of the hundreds of people who are homeless in London alone! Caritas is a world-wide Roman Catholic organisation which believes that it is not enough to give people in need material help. It believes in ‘providing the solidarity needed to nourish that hope which alone will enable our less fortunate brothers and sisters to take personal charge of their own lives and destiny and thus achieving that liberty which is their inalienable right as children of God.’ In England and Wales, Caritas is represented by CAFOD (Catholic Agency for Overseas Development). CAFOD is considered one of the United Kingdom’s leading development and relief organisations, and funds over a thousand projects in Africa, Asia and the Pacific, Latin America, the Caribbean and Eastern Europe. Not only does CAFOD help those less fortunate but they also work within parishes, schools and community organisations to help teach others about poverty and it’s causes. They also run many fund raising projects through schools and otherwise, such as sponsored sports events to raise money. CAFOD aims to get rid of poverty in the Developing World, and aims to bring about justice and fair shares for everyone. CAFOD also does a lot of emergency work when it is needed. When there is a natural disaster incident, such as a flood, hurricane, or earthquake they provide food and then help with rebuilding. Some Christians donate one tenth of their earnings as their duty towards helping the poor. Christian’s faith teaches that the wealth is by no means bad but they must learn the right purposes for earning it and using it, and would argue that they should give money to charity rather than spending it all on luxuries. This is illustarating the Eye of the Needle; â€Å"it is easier for a camel to go through a needle than for a rich man to enter the Kingdom of God† as in the story of The Rich Man †¦ If the world were like it should be according to Christian teaching then the world would probably be a better place. The problem is that God gave men and women free will. If all of the world’s wealth was divided up equally between each person then not before very long the rich would be rich once again and the poor would be back where they were.

Standardized Testing is a Distraction and Affecting the American Public Education in a Negative Way - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 750 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/06/24 Category Management Essay Level High school Tags: Standardized Testing Essay Did you like this example? Standardized testing is harming students learning and has taken over public education. Mary Elizabeth Williams argues that standardized testing has taken over public education. She contends that the current testing requirements are resulting in frightening culture change at schools; where a vast amount of energy is spent getting students and teachers ready for testing. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Standardized Testing is a Distraction and Affecting the American Public Education in a Negative Way" essay for you Create order Since testing has taken up a teacher ability to teach effectively, this has made a students education come out poorly. There has been a strategy for improving education through standardized testing and has failed to work out. According to Williams My classes are directly affected. My curriculum is affected. My classes are canceled for test prep and they are not made up. An elementary school teacher named Paula agrees that tests take up a lot of time as what can be used as learning time in class. This can change the way students view their education, when they are taking tests, they have to pick the right choice between several options to be successful. Another quote, Absolutely, there are broken schools and faculty teachers who are failing our children every day. But building a better system of public education, to which every child in this country is entitled- takes creative an innovative approach tailored individual communities. Schools shouldnt have their own futures writing on ho w well children fill in the bubbles in the test scored by score machines. We are making test taking a priority rather than learning in our public education. Test taking is a poor strategy for improving education and destroying American public education. Others may agree that standardized testing is a good way to measure student learning. According to Walberg Over the past four decades, more than 200 public opinion polls complied by Richard Phelps, have consistently shown that the public strongly supports standardized tests. There are high percentage of schools who use standardized testing to measure educational goals, and make sure that high school graduates have acquired knowledge and skills they need for further education in adult life. This offers strong evidence that public schools are in favor of raising standards in American Schools in using standardized tests to measure student and teacher progress. According to Walberg The benefits for outweigh any disadvantages. Being able to give students detailed tests, results help them spot their weakness, increase their learning, and reduced the potential for over confidence. Having to use tests verify that students have accomplished or nearly mastered specific content before introduci ng new material; improves better results. According to, Walberg Well-designed standardized tests can measure knowledge understanding, application of ideas, and other high-level skills. Tests over emphasize factual knowledge and low-level skills throughout a students education. As a student progress in their education, they practice to demonstrate their knowledge and skills in standardized testing. Having standardized tests throughout a students career makes them become better prepared to meet future educational, occupational and professional goals. However, standardized test discriminates against minority and low-income students in college. According to, Soares Soares researched, has found that tests like the ACTs and SATs put low-income and minority students at significant disadvantages and has resulted in a lack of diversity at the nation of 4 year colleges Schools are missing out in a lot of talent that would benefit our states human capital and economic welfare and we could get more youths from our bottom of our families into public universities. Admissions that rely on test scores more than highs school grades are biased towards students from higher oncome and against those form lower income. According to, McDermott The commission advices colleges to scrutinize how they use test scores and urges them to place more emphasis on students high-schools curriculum and achievements. Colleges do not need any standardized tests like the ACT and SAT to be selective in admission. There are more-accurate measures of ability and succes s; that a test score could never portray what a student has experienced, learned and accomplished. According to, McDermott Minimizing the emphasis we place on the SAT can only mean maximizing our students potential for success and happiness. High school students need to have control over their academic future, that the courses they choice and take in high school really matter. Test can distract students and rather than stressing on a test, a student should focus more on their intellectual exploration in school. If university admissions were based in highs schools records there could be hope for our youth focused on learning academic materials and would be a win-win situation for public education.